Exactly for what I remember he only though it was some corporate theft. So pretty innocent. We have to remember that no one in a million years would have thought at that time Cylons could look like them and after 50 years of complete silence would infiltrate and destroy them.
Or maybe its Adama, when one of his fighter crossed the frontier in an old flashback during the cease fire. As machine they could have interpreted it as an act of war instead of a mistake.
What Baltar should have been tried and killed for is the nuke he gave damaged six who blown up like three ship close to new Caprica.
But the real lesson to remember with Baltar is that the world is unfair, deal with it 
Some people drive drunk without a permit for years while if you only speed up a little bit on the highway you get arrested for sure.
It’s a strange phenomenon but it exist.